Types of Drafting Plan
The various drafts are classified as follows:
❶ Straight draft
❷ Skip draft
❸ Satin draft
❹ Pointed draft
❺ Broken draft
❻ Divided draft
❼ Grouped draft
❽ Combined draft
❾ Curved draft
❶ Straight draft:
This draft is the simplest types of draft where individual warp yarn in a repeat is place in individual heald frame.
Number of helad shaft is equal to the number of...
History of pharmacognosy can be regarded as the history of pharmacy and medicine because pharmacognosy had its origin in the health-related activities of the most primitive human race of the remote past. The early man must have sought to alleviate his sufferings from injury, pain or disease by utilizing...
Drug Literature's and Publications record various information about drugs. In these publications, many technical terms and phrases are used for convenience and brevity in describing various aspects of their subject matters. Students pursuing a course in pharmacy should be familiar with these publications, literature's and technical terms for easy...
Drugs are obtained from almost all forms of plants ranging from unicellular yeast to highly differentiated higher plants. Identification of these diversified drugs and their sources was formerly based on their morphological characters. These Characters are not always reliable, as many different closely related plants look similar in their...
Anatomical features or internal structures of plant drugs are very useful in assigning the morphological groups of powdered, sectioned, broken or mutilated crude drugs. Not only that, they often offer important diagnostic characters for identification of both entire and powdered crude drugs and detection of adulterants in them. ‘Thus a good...
Cell Wall
It is the outermost covering of the cell and encloses the cytoplasm and the vacuole. The primary cell wall is a permeable flexible structure and is capable of elongation. It is composed of long chains of cellulose molecules, which are embedded in a matrix of a mixture of...
Cell contents or cell inclusions refer to those substances, which are present in the cell but do not constitute any of its parts or take any part in its functions. They occur mainly in the cell vacuole although many of them are found distributed in the cytoplasm. The cell...
Pharmacognosy occupies an important place in pharmacy as it deals with the collection, identification, preparation, and extraction of a large group of drugs obtained from natural sources, which are used both in orthodox and traditional medicine.
For a successful practice of the Pharmacy profession, a thorough understanding of the active principles...
Definition of Pharmacognosy
Pharmacognosy is a scientific discipline, which is primarily concerned with the study of crude drugs obtained from natural sources, such as plants, animals, and minerals. The term ‘pharmacognosy’ was first coined and used by C.A. Seydler in 1815 in a small book he wrote on crude drugs, entitled...